blazesolutions

എന്താണ് പി.എം ശ്രീ പദ്ധതി ? എന്തു കൊണ്ട് ഇത് വിമശനം നേരിടുന്നു? 2020-ൽ ദേശീയ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ നയം നടപ്പാക്കുന്നതിൻ്റെ ഭാഗമായുള്ള പി.എം ശ്രീ ഇപ്പോൾ വാർത്തകളിൽ നിറഞ്ഞിരിക്കുകയാണല്ലോ? എന്താണ് പി.എം ശ്രീ? എന്തുകൊണ്ട് ഈ പദ്ധതി വിമർശനം നേരിടുന്നു? തുടങ്ങിയവ നമുക്കൊന്നു നോക്കാം. വിദ്യാഭ്യാസം ഒരു രാജ്യത്തിന്റെ ആത്മാവാണ്. ഒരു സമൂഹത്തിന്റെ പുരോഗതിയും വ്യക്തിയുടെ വികസനവുമെല്ലാം അതിന്റെ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസരംഗത്തിന്റെ ഗുണനിലവാരത്തോടാണ് ബന്ധിപ്പിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നത്. ഇന്ത്യയിൽ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യാനന്തര കാലം മുതൽ തന്നെ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസം സമൂഹത്തിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനാവകാശമായി കണക്കാക്കി, അതിനെ കൂടുതൽ ജനാധിപത്യപരവും ആധുനികവുമായ രൂപത്തിലേക്ക് മാറ്റാനുള്ള നിരവധി ശ്രമങ്ങൾ നടത്തി. ഈ ശ്രമങ്ങളുടെ ഫലമായി ഇന്ത്യയിൽ പല ദേശീയ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ നയങ്ങളും നടപ്പിലായി. ആദ്യത്തെ ദേശീയ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ നയം – 1968 1968-ൽ, കോതാരി കമ്മീഷൻ (1964–66) റിപ്പോർട്ടിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ ഇന്ത്യയുടെ ആദ്യത്തെ ദേശീയ വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ നയം പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു. ഇതിന്റെ പ്രധാന ലക്ഷ്യം രാജ്യത്തെ മുഴുവൻ ഭാഗങ്ങളിലും വിദ്യാഭ്യാസത്തിലെ ഏകീകരണം ഉറപ്പാക്കുകയെന്നതായിരുന്നു. ഈ നയം മൂന്നു ഭാഷാ ഫോ...

അയർലണ്ടിന്റെ പടിഞ്ഞാറ് സ്ഥിതിചെയ്യുന്ന അരാൻ ദ്വീപുകളിലെ ഒരു ചെറിയ കുടിലിന്റെ അടുക്കളയിലാണ് ‘റൈഡേഴ്സ് ടു ദി സീ’ എന്ന നാടകം നടക്കുന്നത്. നാടകത്തിന്റെ തുടക്കത്തിൽ ഇരുപത് വയസ്സുള്ള കാത്‌ലീൻ വീട്ടുജോലികളിൽ തിരക്കിലാണ്. അതിനിടെ അവളുടെ ഇളയ സഹോദരി നോറ ഒരു തുണിക്കെട്ടുമായി എത്തുന്നു. അവരുടെ വയോധികയായ അമ്മ മൗര്യ മറ്റൊരു മുറിയിൽ വിശ്രമിക്കുകയാണെന്ന് ഉറപ്പാക്കിയശേഷം, നോറ ആ പൊതി കാത്‌ലീനു നൽകുന്നു. കടലിൽ പോയി തിരിച്ചെത്താതെ പോയ സഹോദരൻ മൈക്കിളിന്റെ വസ്ത്രങ്ങളായിരിക്കാം അതെന്ന് അവർ സംശയിക്കുന്നു. പുറത്ത് കൊടുങ്കാറ്റ് വീശുകയാണ്. അതിനാൽ, ഇപ്പോഴും ജീവനോടുള്ള അവരുടെ അവസാന സഹോദരൻ ബാർട്ട്ലി അന്ന് കടലിൽ പോകാൻ ഉദ്ദേശിക്കുന്നതിൽ ഇരുവരും ആശങ്കയിലാണ്. മൈക്കിളിന്റെ മരണസൂചനയായ ആ പൊതിയെക്കുറിച്ച് അമ്മ മൗര്യ എങ്ങനെ പ്രതികരിക്കുമെന്ന ഭയത്തിൽ, അവർ പൊതി തുറക്കാതിരിക്കാൻ തീരുമാനിക്കുന്നു. മൗര്യ അകത്ത് വരാനിരിക്കുന്നതറിഞ്ഞ കാത്‌ലീൻ പൊതി മറയ്ക്കുന്നു. മൗര്യ ബാർട്ട്ലിയെപ്പറ്റി ചോദിക്കുന്നു. കൊടുങ്കാറ്റ് കാരണം ബാർട്ട്ലി ആ ദിവസം കടലിൽ പോകരുതെന്ന് മൗര്യ പറയുന്നു. പക്ഷേ ഉടൻതന്നെ ബാർട്ട്ലി എത്തി തന്റെ യാത്രക്കായി ത...

Introduction Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer just a futuristic concept – it has already entered classrooms and study rooms. In 2025, students and teachers are using AI tools to write essays, create presentations, summarize research, and even prepare for competitive exams. Many of these AI tools are completely free. They save time, improve productivity, and make learning more engaging. In this blog, we will explore the Top 10 Free AI Tools Every Student and Teacher Should Try in 2025 – along with their features, benefits, and practical uses in education. 1. ChatGPT (OpenAI) Best for: Homework help, essay writing, grammar correction, and brainstorming ideas. Students can use ChatGPT to simplify complex topics, practice essay writing, or prepare for exams. Teachers can create lesson plans, activity-based questions, or even summaries of literature. ChatGPT is especially helpful for Kerala PSC aspirants and degree students who want instant explanations. Tip: Always cro...

Short Answer Questions: 1. What was the essence of Gandhiji's teaching? The essence of Gandhiji's teaching was fearlessness and truth. 2. What according to Gandhiji, was truth? According to Gandhiji, for an individual the truth is what he himself feels and knows to be true. 3. What was the two-fold actions of Gandhiji? First one is to resist and fight against foreign rule and the second fold is to fight against social evils in the society such as the curse of untouchability, problems of minority problems and the rising of the depressed classes. 4. What was the India of Gandhiji's dream? In the India of Gandiji's dream there shall be no high class and low class of people. Where all communities shall live in perfect harmony. There should not be intoxicating drinks and drugs. There should not be the curse of untouchability. In India the poorest shall feel it is their country and they have effective voice in its making. Women will enjoy the same right ...

                                    IF 1. The first stanza of ‘If’ speaks about the need for self-confidence. Do you agree? Why? The first stanza of 'IF' truly deals with the need for self confidence. Crisis is a common incident in the life of a human being. Ups and downs, victories and defeats may come. But a person must face all these situations with confidence. Situations must not make us depressed. 2. What does the poet say about patience? Patience is a virtue. It is a quality, which many people wish to have, but find it very hard to devolop. Patience requires hard effort. A person who is patient can be a good listener and a good friend. Waiting with patience can bring about good results. 3. Explain the poet’s views on honesty and fortitude of character. Honesty and fortitude of character, are two good values in life. A perfect man must build up good character and these two values must make a f...

QUEST FOR A THEORY OF EVERYTHING 1. Write a note on the character of Jane. Jane was a shy teenager with a strong faith in God. This faith was ingrained in her by her mother. She believed that good can come out of any adversity. When she met Hawking after his discharge from the hospital, he was in a sad state. She felt that he had lost his will to live and he was very confused. She was not put off by his physical or mental condition. Hawking liked her optimism and their friendship grew. They thought that together they could make something good. For Stephen it made a big difference. He applied for a research fellowship at Caius, one of the colleges of Cambridge University. In 1965, when he was 23, he received his fellowship at Caius. In July, 1965, he married Jane. They had 3 children. In fact it was Jane who gave the moral support to Hawking to overcome his adversities and do something great for mankind. 2. What was Hawking’s attitude to his disability? How do you estimate it in a wider...

                            I WILL FLY Activity – II (Speech) Imagine that you get the opportunity to address Class X students before their public examination. On the basis of Dr Kalam’s message, prepare a speech to motivate and prepare them for the examination. My dear students, You are soon going to appear for the SSLC Examination which is considered to be a big turning point in your life. Some students get panicky before the examination and spoil their chances to do well. There is no need to fear. The examinations are simply to test your understanding of the things that you have been taught in the class. Millions of students before you have taken this kind of examination. So this is nothing new or terrifying.  Be confident. Don’t be nervous. Be optimistic. Be cool, calm and composed. Fear will not help you. It will only make you forget what you already know. You have been reading your lessons regularly and doi...

Activity - I (Read and Respond) 1. What is the theme of the story "His First Flight"? The main theme of the story "His First Flight" is the importance of courage and self-confidence in overcoming fear. The young seagull is afraid to fly, even though he has wings like his siblings. His fear holds him back, but with a little push from his mother, he finally takes the risk. As he starts flying, he realizes his true strength. The story shows that fear is natural, but we must believe in ourselves and take the first step to grow and succeed in life. It also highlights the supportive role of family in helping us face our fears. 2. What do you think is the real crisis faced by the young bird? The real crisis faced by the young bird is not the lack of ability, but the lack of confidence and fear of failure. He knows how to fly, but he is too scared to try. He watches his siblings fly and enjoys their freedom, but his fear stops him from taking the first step. Eve...

ഹയർ സെക്കണ്ടറി / VHSE ഫലം മെയ് 21-ന് തിരുവനന്തപുരം: സംസ്ഥാനത്തെ ഹയർ സെക്കണ്ടറി (പ്ലസ് ടു) പരീക്ഷാഫലം മെയ് 21-ന് പ്രഖ്യാപിക്കുമെന്ന് വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ മന്ത്രി വി. ശിവൻകുട്ടി അറിയിച്ചു. 444707 വിദ്യാർത്ഥികൾ പരീക്ഷയ്ക്ക് രജിസ്റ്റർ ചെയ്തിരുന്നു. മൂല്യനിർണ്ണയം പൂര്‍ത്തിയായതായും ടാബുലേഷൻ പുരോഗമിക്കുകയാണെന്നും മന്ത്രി പറഞ്ഞു. ബോർഡ് യോഗം മെയ് 14ന് നടക്കും. ഫലം പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കുന്നത് മെയ് 21-ന് ആയിരിക്കും. ഒന്നാം വർഷ ഹയർ സെക്കണ്ടറി പരീക്ഷയിലെ മൂല്യനിർണ്ണയവും പുരോഗമിക്കുന്നു. 413581 വിദ്യാർത്ഥികൾ പരീക്ഷ എഴുതിയിട്ടുണ്ട്. ടാബുലേഷൻ പൂർത്തിയാക്കിയ ശേഷം ഫലം ജൂൺ മാസത്തിൽ പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കും. പ്ലസ് വൺ ഇപ്രൂവ്മെൻറ് ഫലം കഴിഞ്ഞ ദിവസം പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ചിരുന്നു.

Textual Questions and Answers a. Why does the sight of the old man frighten Pelayo?          Pelayo is frightened because the old man looks strange and unnatural — he is lying face down in the mud, groaning, and has enormous wings, which make him appear eerie and otherworldly. b. Why was the old man unable to get up?           The old man couldn't get up because his enormous wings were entangled in the mud, and he was extremely weak, making movement difficult. c. The couple consider the old man a ‘lonely castaway’. Why?           They think he might be a shipwrecked foreigner, as he speaks an incomprehensible dialect and has the appearance of someone who has suffered greatly, resembling a ragpicker or a stranded sailor. d. Why was the neighbour woman sure that the old man was an angel?           She believed he was an angel because of his wings, and claimed that he must have c...

Introduction "Obituary" is one of A. K. Ramanujan’s most well-known and frequently anthologized poems. As a modern Indian poet writing in English, Ramanujan blends personal memory, cultural identity, and irony to reflect on the complexity of familial relationships and postcolonial Indian life. This poem appears in his collection Relations and is a poignant yet ironic account of the speaker’s father’s death and its aftermath. The title itself sets the tone—a cold, detached term typically associated with formal newspaper notices, which contrasts sharply with the personal and emotional content of the poem. Summary The poem begins with a list of what the father left behind after his death: debts, daughters, a bedwetting grandson, and an old house. There is no mention of wealth or proud legacy. Instead, the inheritance is deeply ironic and burdensome. The speaker notes how his father’s obituary appeared in the newspaper, not as a tribute but as a formality—among column...

Introduction to the Poem and the Poet "Night of the Scorpion" is a renowned poem by Nissim Ezekiel, one of the foundational figures in Indian English poetry. Ezekiel was known for his modern outlook and realistic portrayal of Indian society, often capturing the clash between traditional beliefs and modern thinking. In this poem, he presents a vivid narrative inspired by a real incident from his childhood, blending personal memory with universal themes such as fear, faith, and maternal love. The poem is a reflection on how individuals and communities respond to suffering, and it shows Ezekiel’s ability to present ordinary events in a deeply meaningful way. Detailed Summary of the Poem The poem begins with a sudden incident on a rainy night when a scorpion, seeking refuge from the downpour, enters the poet’s house and stings his mother. The poet, who was a child at the time, recalls the dramatic events that followed. As soon as the scorpion disappears into the darkn...

Bayen by Mahasweta Devi – A Detailed Study Note Introduction "Bayen" is a powerful short story by Mahasweta Devi, one of India’s most influential literary voices, known for her commitment to social realism and the portrayal of marginalized communities. The story delves into the themes of superstition, patriarchy, and the oppression of women, particularly those labeled as witches in rural India. Through the character of Chandi, Mahasweta Devi exposes the deep-rooted prejudices and exploitation faced by women, blending folklore with social critique to present a compelling narrative of suffering and resilience. Plot Summary The story revolves around Chandi, a woman who works as a railway watchwoman, ensuring that no one gets hit by passing trains. She is a hardworking and responsible individual, but her life takes a tragic turn when she is accused of being a "Bayen"—a witch-like figure feared and ostracized by society. The accusation is based on superstitio...

Detailed Study Notes on "This is a Photograph of Me" by Margaret Atwood Introduction "This is a Photograph of Me" is a thought-provoking poem by Margaret Atwood, a renowned Canadian poet and novelist. The poem was published in her 1966 collection The Circle Game. It explores themes of identity, memory, perception, and the invisibility of marginalized voices. Atwood uses a unique narrative structure and evocative imagery to reveal deeper truths about existence and disappearance, ultimately making a powerful feminist and existential statement. Summary of the Poem At first glance, the poem appears to describe an old photograph. The speaker describes the setting in a calm and ordinary tone, mentioning the landscape details—the house, a small lake, and surrounding trees. However, as the poem progresses, an unsettling truth emerges: the speaker, the subject of the photograph, is not immediately visible. It is only upon closer examination that the speaker revea...

Detailed Study Notes on Sonnet 121 by William Shakespeare Introduction William Shakespeare’s Sonnet 121 presents a powerful critique of moral hypocrisy and societal judgment. The poem explores the idea that it is better to be genuinely flawed than to be unfairly accused of wrongdoing. Shakespeare challenges the perception of morality dictated by others and argues that true integrity lies in being oneself, regardless of public opinion. The sonnet is a strong assertion of self-identity and a rejection of the false moral superiority exhibited by society. Summary and Interpretation In Sonnet 121, the speaker begins by stating that it is preferable to be truly "vile" than to be wrongly accused of being so. He expresses frustration at the way people judge others not based on reality but on their own distorted perceptions. He questions why his actions should be condemned by those who themselves have corrupt minds. The speaker refuses to conform to these false moral stand...

Detailed Study Notes on The Old Man and the Sea Introduction The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel written by Ernest Hemingway, first published in 1952. It is one of Hemingway's most celebrated works and played a crucial role in earning him the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. The novel tells the story of an aging fisherman, Santiago, who engages in an intense battle with a giant marlin in the Gulf Stream. The novel is often considered a classic of modern literature and is renowned for its deep themes of perseverance, resilience, and human dignity. Plot Summary The novel follows Santiago, an old fisherman from Cuba who has gone eighty-four days without catching a fish. Despite this streak of bad luck, he remains hopeful and determined. His young apprentice, Manolin, is devoted to him but is forced by his parents to fish with more successful men. However, Manolin deeply admires Santiago and continues to care for him. On the eighty-fifth day, Santiago sets out alone ...

To Posterity – Detailed Study Notes Introduction Louis MacNeice’s poem To Posterity is a deeply reflective and philosophical work that explores the uncertainties of how future generations will perceive the present. MacNeice, an Irish poet closely associated with the Auden Group, often infused his poetry with themes of political awareness, realism, and existential thought. This poem encapsulates his concerns about the fleeting nature of time and the potential misinterpretation of history. He questions whether the lived experiences, struggles, and emotions of his time will be accurately understood by those who come after or if they will be reduced to mere historical records devoid of true depth. Addressing the Future The poem takes the form of an imagined conversation between the present and the future, where MacNeice addresses posterity directly. He seems to recognize the inevitable passage of time and the possibility that future generations might misunderstand or overlook t...