Fifth Sem - Language And Linguistics

               Language and Linguistics

Question Bank

1. Which among the following statements is not true?

a. Language is a means of communication

b. Language is symbolic

c. Language is structural

d. Language is the only means of communication

2. Who defined language as “a set or (finite or infinite) sentences, each finite

in length and constructed out of a finite set of elements”

a. Noam Chomsky

b. Ferdinand de Saussure

c. Edward Sapir

d. None of the above

3. Who defined language as “a purely human and non-instinctive method of

communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of voluntarily

produced symbols” ?

a. Noam Chomsky

b. Ferdinand de Saussure

c. Edward Sapir

d. None of the above

4. Which among the following is not a characteristic feature of language?

a. Language is systematic

b. Language is arbitrary

c. Language is dynamic

d. Language is instinctive.

5. The theory which is based on the assumption that language originated

as a result of human instinct to imitate sounds:

a. Ding Dong theory

b. The Bow-vow theory

c. The Pooh-pooh theory

d. The Gesture theory

6. The theory which is based on the assumption that language originated

in the sense of rhythm innate in man:

a. Ding Dong theory

b. The Bow-vow theory

c. The Pooh-pooh theory

d. The Gesture theory

7. The theory which is based on the assumption that language originated as

a result of the involuntary exclamations of pain, surprise, pleasure or

wonder:

a. Ding Dong theory

b. The Bow-vow theory

c. The Pooh-pooh theory

d. The Gesture theory

8. The theory which Is based upon the assumption that language has been

formed from the words uttered by groups of persons engaged in joint

burdensome labour:

a. The Yo-He-Ho Theory

b. The Gesture theory

c. The Poo-Pooh theory

d. Ding-Dong theory.

9. The Ding-Dong theory of the origin of language was advanced by:

a. Wilhelm Wundt and Sir Richard Paget

b. Noire

c. Max-Muller

d. Otto Jepersen

10. The Yo-He-Ho Theory of the origin of language was advanced by:

a. Wilhelm Wundt and Sir Richard Paget

b. Noire

c. Max-Muller

d. Otto Jepersen

11. The Musical Theory of the origin of language was advanced by:

a. Wilhelm Wundt and Sir Richard Paget

b. Noire

c. Max-Muller

d. Otto Jespersen

12. Words like ‘Buzz’, ‘Hiss’, ‘thud’ etc. which represents the sounds of

their referents are known as -------- a. Onomatopoeia

b. Homophones

c. Homonyms

d. Portmanteau

13. Find the odd one out

a. Ferdinand de Saussure

b. Edward Sapir

c. Leonard Bloomfield

d. Herman Gundert

14. Which among the following is an exception to the property of

arbitrariness of language?

a. Onomatopoeia

b. Homophones

c. Homonyms

d. Portmanteau

15. Human language is structured at the levels of phonemes and morphemes

and at the level of words. This property of language is called------- a. Duality of structure

b. Recursiveness

c. Displacement

d. Transference.

16. Using a finite set of rules a speaker can produce innumerable

grammatical utterances. This property of language is called------- a. Duality of structure

b. Recursiveness

c. Displacement

d. Transference.

17. Human beings can talk about experiences, objects and events which

are not present at the time and place of speaking. This property of

language is called------- a. Duality of structure

b. Recursiveness

c. Displacement

d. Transference.

18. It is possible to write down spoken language and read aloud the

written material. This property of language is called------- a. Duality of structure

b. Recursiveness

c. Displacement

d. Transference.

19. Language is never static. It goes on changing. This property of

language is called------- a. Dynamic

b. Recursiveness

c. Displacement

d. Transference.

20. There is no positive relationship between a speech and sound. This

property of language is referred to as------ a. Arbitrariness.

b. Recursiveness

c. Displacement

d. Transference.

21. The type of study of the changes in language over a span of time is

called-------- a. Synchronic

b. Diachronic

c. Semiotic

d. Onomatopoeic

22. The type of study which focus on the analysis of the systematic

interrelation of the elements of a single language at a particular time is

called-------- a. Synchronic

b. Diachronic

c. Semiotic

d. Onomatopoeic

23. The systematic study of signs is called----- a. Semiotics

b. Semiology

c. Both “a” & “b”

d. Neither “a” not “b”

24. The term semiotics was introduced by

a. Charles Sanders Pierce

b. Ferdinand de sauddure

c. Noam Chomsky

d. Edward Sapir

25. The term semiology was introduced by

a. Charles Sanders Pierce

b. Ferdinand de Saussure

c. Noam Chomsky

d. Edward Sapir

26. Who introduced in linguistics the concept of Langue and Parole?

a. Charles Sanders Pierce

b. Ferdinand de Saussure

c. Noam Chomsky

d. Edward Sapir

27. Who introduced in linguistics the concept of Competence and

Performance?

a. Charles Sanders Pierce

b. Ferdinand de Saussure

c. Noam Chomsky

d. Edward Sapir

28. Who introduced in linguistics the concept similar to Saussure’s

Langue and Parole?

a. Charles Sanders Pierce

b. Leonard bloom Filed.

c. Noam Chomsky

d. Edward Sapir

29. Who introduced in linguistics the concept similar to Chomsky’s

competence and Performance?

a. Charles Sanders Pierce

b. Leonard bloom Filed.

c. Ferdinand De Saussure.

d. Edward Sapir

30. Which among the following implies the underlying rules governing the

combination and organization of the elements of language?

a. Language

b. Parole

c. Competence

d. Both langue and Competence

31. Which among the following implies the actual meaningful utterance of

the individual speaking or writing a given language?

a. Language

b. Parole

c. performance

d. Both parole and performance

32. -------refers to the linguistic norm specific to a geographical area,

social class or status affecting mutual intelligibility

a. Dialect

b. Idiolect

c. Register

d. Slang

33. --------is the totality of the speech habits of an individual

a. Dialect

b. Idiolect

c. Register

d. Slang

34. A collection of similar Idiolect make up ------- a. Dialect

b. Idiolects

c. Register

d. Slang

35. The language variety which has certain features which are typical of

certain disciplines, topics, fields, occupations and social roles played by

the speaker, is called-------- a. Dialect

b. Idiolect

c. Register

d. Slang

36. A person who has the ability to use only one language is called----- a. Monologue

b. Monolingual

c. Monologal

d. None of the above

37. A person who can use two languages is called----- a. Biolingual

b. Bilingual

c. Duo-lingual

d. Duo-langual

38. A person who can use more than two languages:

a. Multilingual

b. Poly-lingual

c. Bilingual

d. Poly-langual

39. -------refers to an individual’s equal and native command of two or

more languages

a. Bilingualism

b. Poly-glotism

c. Multilingualism

d. None of the above

40. -------------is the study of how the mentally represented grammar of

language is employed in the production and comprehension of speech

a. Socio-linguistics

b. Psycho-linguistics

c. Neuron-linguistics

d. Physio –linguistics

41. -------is the discipline where the methodological perspectives of both

linguistics and sociology converges

a. Linguistics of sociology

b. Socio-linguistics

c. Sociology of linguistics

d. None of these

42. Which among the following does not constitute the scientific nature of

linguistics

a. Systematic gathering and analysis of data

b. Determination of causal relationship between facts

c. Chronological presentation of data

d. Verification, validation and generalization.

43. Which among the following does not constitute the general

methodology of science

a. Controlled observation

b. Hypothesis formulation

c. Analysis, generalization and prediction

d. Speculation

44. Which among the following is not an aim of linguistics

a. To study the nature of language

b. To establish a theory of language

c. To propound stories of the origin of language

d. To describe a language and all languages

45. Which among the following is not a branch of linguistics

a. Phonology

b. Morphology

c. Semantics

d. Philology

46. The older term used to designate the study of languages is------ a. Philology

b. Haplology

c. Phonology

d. Semiology

47. The study of elementary speech sounds is called---- a. Phonology

b. Morphology

c. Syntax

d. Semantics

48. The study ordering of speech sounds into the smallest meaningful

groups is called---- a. Phonology

b. Morphology

c. Syntax

d. Semantics

49. The study of the way that sequences of words are ordered into

phrases, clauses, and sentences is called------ a. Phonology

b. Morphology

c. Syntax

d. Semantics

50. The study of meaning is called---- a. Phonology

b. Morphology

c. Syntax

d. Semantics

51. -------is the basis of all sounds in English language and in most

languages in India.

a. The pulmonic air stream mechanism

b. The glotalic air stream mechanism

c. The velaric air stream mechanism

d. None of the above.

52. ------is a monosyllabic vowel combination of a diphthong and a the

weak vowel

a. Triaphthong

b. Triaphone

c. Triphthong

d. Triology

53. ----------are gliding sounds during the articulation of which, the speech

organs glide from one vowel position to another

a. Diphthongs

b. Triphthongs

c. Semi-vowels

d. Minimal pairs

54. -------are words which differ only in one phoneme

a. Diphthongs

b. Triphthongs

c. Semi-vowels

d. Minimal pairs

55. --------are the different concrete phonetic variation of the same

phoneme

a. Allophones

b. Triphthongs

c. Semi-vowels

d. Minimal pairs

56. ---- is a unit of speech which is at a level higher than the speech

sound or phoneme

a. Syllable

b. Stress

c. Intonation

d. Pitch.

57----is the process by which one speech sound gets changed to another

under the influence of another

a. Onomatopoeia

b. Assimilation

c. Regression

d. Progression

58. IPA stands for

a. International political alphabet

b. International phonetic association

c. Indian phonetic alphabet

d. All the above

59. Sounds articulated by two lips are called ------ a. Dental

b. Bilabial

c. Labio-dental

d. Alveolar

60. Sounds articulated by the lower lip placed against the upper teeth are

called---- a. Dental

b. Bilabial

c. Labio-dental

d. Alveolar

61. Sounds articulated by the tip of the tongue placed against the upper

teeth are called--- a. Dental

b. Labio-dental

c. Bilabial

d. Alveolar

62. Sounds articulated with the tip of the tongue or the blade of the

tongue against the teeth ridge are called---- a. Dental

b. Bilabial

c. Labio-dental

d. Alveolar

63. -----are produced involving the tip of the tongue and the back part of

the teeth ridge.

a. Post-alveolar

b. Palate-alveolar

c. Palatal

d. Velar

64. ------articulated by the tip and the blade of the tongue against the

teeth ridge with raising of the front of the tongue towards the palate

a. Post-alveolar

b. Palate-alveolar

c. Palatal

d. Velar

65. -----are articulated by raising the front of the tongue towards the hard

palate

a. Post-alveolar

b. Palate-alveolar

c. Palatal

d. Velar

66. ----are articulated by raising the back of the tongue towards the soft

palate

a. Post-alveolar

b. Palate-alveolar

c. Palatal

d. Velar

67. -------are sounds articulated in the glottis

a. Glottal

b. Velar

c. Palatal

d. None of the above

68. /p/, /b/, /m/ and /w/ are------ a. Bilabial

b. Dental;

c. Velar

d. Glottal

69. /f/and /v/ are------- a. Dental

b. Labio-dental

c. Bilabial

d. Alveolar

70. /t/. /d/, /n/, /l/, /s/ are ----------- a. Alveolar

b. Post-alvoelar

c. Palatal

d. Dental;

71. The initial sounds in the words ‘ship’, ‘church’ and ‘judge; are

examples for---- a. Palato-alveolar

b. Palatal

c. Velar

d. Bilabial

72. The initial consonant in ‘Young’ is a ------sound

a. Palatal

b. Velar

c. Dental

d. Glottal

73. /K/and /g/ are examples for ----sounds

a. Velar

b. Glottal

c. Palatal

d. Bilabial

74. /h/ in the word ‘he’ is a ----sound

a. Velar

b. Glottal

c. Palatal

d. Alveolar

75. The special features which affect speech sounds such as stress, pitch

intonation and juncture are called------- a. Supra-segmental phonemes

b. Secondary phonemes

c. Prosodic features

d. All the above.

76. Assimilation is mainly of ------types

a. Four

b. Two

c. Three

d. Only one

77. The preceding sound influencing the following sound is an instance of ----assimilation

a. Progressive

b. Regressive

c. Reciprocal

d. None of the above

78. The following sound influencing the preceding one is an instance of --

---assimilation

a. Progressive

b. Regressive

c. Reciprocal

d. None of the above

79. The two sounds influencing each other and combine to produce a

third sound is an instance of --------assimilation

a. Progressive

b. regressive

c. reciprocal

d. Regressive

e. None of the above

80. The voiced sound /z/ denoting the plural morpheme in the word

‘dogs’ is an instance of ---------assimilation

a. Progressive

b. Regressive

c. reciprocal

d. none of the above.

81. In the pronunciation of the word ‘ink’ the alveolar /n/ becoming a

velar sound is an instance of ------ a. Progressive

b. Regressive

c. Reciprocal

d. None of the above

82. The American pronunciation of the word ‘issue’ is an instance of ------

--type of assimilation

a. Progressive

b. Regressive

c. Reciprocal

d. None of the above

83. Which of the following patterns of intonation is used in declarative

sentences uttered as ordinary statements

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

84. Which of the following patterns of intonation is used in

W.Hquestions?

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

85. Which of the following patterns of intonation is used in commands

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

86. Which of the following patterns of intonation is used in tag questions

which imply that the speaker is certain about what is said

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

87. Which of the following patterns of intonation is used in listing the

items

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

88. Which of the following patterns of intonation is used in declarative

sentences uttered as questions

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

89. Which of the following patterns of intonation is used in polite requests

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

90. Which of the following patterns of intonation, is used in W.H. questions

asked in a warm and friendly way indicating extra politeness.

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

91. Which of the following patterns of intonation, is used to indicate that

the speaker implies things which are not explicitly expressed

a. The falling

b. The rising

c. The fall-rise

d. None of the above

92. /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, and /g/ are examples for ------- a. Plosives

b. Affricates

c. fricatives

d. Trill

93. The initial sound in ‘chair’ and ‘jam’ are examples for----- a. Plosives

b. Affricates

c. fricatives

d. Trill

94. /s/, /z/ are called ------ a. Plosives

b. Affricates

c. Fricatives

d. Trill

95. /f/ and /v/ are called

a. Plosives

b. Affricates

c. fricatives

d. Trill

96. The consonant /l/ is called ------ a. Sibilant

b. Lateral

c. Nasal

d. Semi-vowel

97. The consonant /s/ is called ---- a. Sibilant

b. Lateral

c. Nasal

d. Semi-vowel

98. /m/ and /n/ are called---- a. Sibilant

b. Lateral

c. Nasal

d. Semi-vowel

99. How many nasal sounds are there in the English Language?

a. Two

b. Three

c. Four

d. Five

100. How many nasal sounds are there in the Malayalam language?

a. Two

b. Three

c. Four

d. Five

101. The ‘r’ in red is articulated as a------- a. Trill

b. Lateral

c. Frictionless continuant

d. Semi-vowel

102.Semi-vowels are also known as---- a. Approximants

b. Laterals

c. Sibilants

d. Trills

103.The consonants /j/ and /w/ are called----- a. Semi-vowels

b. Laterals

c. Sibilants

d. Trills.

104. The different concrete phonetic variation of the same phoneme are

called------- a. Allophones

b. Homophones

c. Homographs

d. Homonyms

105. The term---------is used to designate words which are spelt differently

but pronounced alike and which are different in meaning.

a. Allophones

b. Homophones

c. Homographs

d. Homonyms

106. Certain morphemes have more than one meaning and can be

understood in more than one way. They are called------- a. Allophones

b. Homophones

c. Homographs

d. Homonyms

107.-----------is used to designate words pronounced differently though

identically.

a. Allophones

b. Homophones

c. Homographs

d. Homonyms

108. The words denoting the colour ‘red’ and the past-tense of the verb

‘read’ ; ‘right’ and’ ‘write’; and ‘site’ and sight’ are examples for...........

a. Allophones

b. Homophones

c. Homographs

d. Homonyms

109. The word ‘bank’ in ‘on the banks on the river’ and ‘banks are financial

institutions’ is called a------ a. Allophones

b. Homophones

c. Homographs

d. Homonyms

110.The present-tense form of the verb ‘read’ and its past-tense which is

pronounced as ‘red’ is an example of----- a. Allophones

b. Homophones

c. Homographs

d. Homonyms

111. Syllables in which the consonant functions as nucleus are called---- a. Syllabic consonants

b. Sibilants

c. Suffixes

d. None of the above

112. The final /l/ in the words ‘bottle’, ‘cattle’ and ‘little’ are examples of ---- a. Syllabic consonants

b. Sibilants

c. Suffixes

d. None of the above

113. The final /n/ in the words ‘sudden’ and ‘mutton’ are --------- a. Syllabic consonants

b. Sibilants

c. Suffixes

d. None of the above

114. The final /m/ in the word ‘Prism’ is an instance of ------ a. Syllabic consonants

b. Sibilants

c. Suffixes

d. None of the above

115. --------are also called secondary phonemes

a. Suprasegmentals

b. Morphemes

c. Allomorphs

d. Allophones

116. ----------are also called prosodic features.

a. Suprasegmentals

b. Morphemes

c. Allomorphs

d. Allophones

117. -------is the degree of force with which a sound of syllable is uttered.

a. Stress

b. Pitch

c. Intonation

d. Juncture

118.Stress is used for the sake of ------- a. Emphasis

b. Loudness

c. Double meaning

d. None of the above

119. How many stressed are generally marked

a. Only one

b. Two

c. Three

d. Four

120. ---------is the accent on certain words within the a sentence

a. Semantics

b. Syntax

c. Sentence-stress

d. None of the above

121. ------refers to the phenomenon of pauses in speech.

a. Stress

b. Pitch

c. Intonation

d. Juncture.

122. --------refers to significant changes of pitch and stress pertaining to

sentences.

a. Intonation

b. Stress

c. Pitch

d. Juncture.

123. The term--------refers to omissions of certain sounds, syllables or even

words in continuous speech

a. Alliteration

b. Assonance

c. Elision

d. None of the above

124. IPA stands for----- a. Inter National Phonetic Alphabet

b. International Phonetic Association

c. Both ‘a’ & ‘b’

d. Neither ‘a’ nor ‘b’

125.How many types of phonetic transcriptions are generally followed?

a. Only one

b. Two

c. Innumerable

d. None of the above

126. -------is concerned with the selection and organization of speech

sounds in a language

a. Phonology

b. Morphology

c. Semantics

d. Syntax

127. /m/ is a -------consonant

a. Bilabial

b. Bilabial-nasal

c. Velar

d. Glottal

128. How many classes of morphemes can be identified in a language

a. Only one

b. Two

c. Three

d. Four

129. A minimal meaningful unit in the grammatical system of a language is

called----- a. Syllable

b. Phoneme

c. Morpheme

d. Allomorph

130. The ‘ing’ in sleeping is an example of ------ a. A free morpheme

b. Free variation

c. Bound morpheme

d. None of these

131. The form ‘dog’ is a -----morpheme.

a. A free morpheme

b. Free variation

c. Bound morpheme

d. None of these

132.Morpheme alternants are called---- a. Allophones

b. Allomorphs

c. Minimal pairs

d. None of the above

133. The final consonants /s/, /z/ and /iz/ in the words ‘cats’, ‘dogs’ and

‘boxes’ are instances of ------- a. Allophones

b. Allomorphs

c. Minimal pairs

d. None of the above

134. The final sounds /t/, /d/, and /id/ in the words packed, bagged and

patted are instances of----- a. Allophones

b. Allomorphs

c. Minimal pairs

d. None of the above

135.The –ish in the word ‘childish’ is ------- a. An adjective forming morpheme

b. Plural morpheme

c. Possessive morpheme

d. Past morpheme

136.The –s in ‘boys’ is ------- a. An adjective forming morpheme

b. Plural morpheme

c. Possessive morpheme

d. Past morpheme

137. The –s in ‘john’s’ is ----- a. An adjective forming morpheme

b. Plural morpheme

c. Possessive morpheme

d. Past morpheme

138.The final /t/ in walked is ------ a. An adjective forming morpheme

b. Plural morpheme

c. Possessive morpheme

d. Past morpheme

139. The –or in actor is

a. An adjective forming morpheme

b. Plural morpheme

c. Possessive morpheme

d. Noun forming morpheme

140. The –en in strengthen is a---- a. An adjective forming morpheme

b. Plural morpheme

c. Possessive morpheme

d. Verb forming morpheme.

141. The – s in ‘she sings well’ is ------ a. An adjective forming morpheme

b. Plural morpheme

c. Possessive morpheme

d. Morpheme signaling third person singular.

142. The shortened forms like ‘photo’ for photograph is an instance of----- a. Portmanteau

b. Onomatopoeia

c. Clipping

d. Metanalysis

143. -----is a method of word formation whereby on or more syllables are

removed from longer words.

a. Portmanteau

b. Onomatopoeia

c. Clipping

d. Metanalysis

144. ------is the process by which new words are coined by combining the

segments of two different words.

a. Portmanteau

b. Onomatopoeia

c. Clipping

d. Metanalysis

145. -------involves a different analysis of the structure of the word by

attaching a consonant at the end of a word or a vowel at the beginning of

the next word.

a. Portmanteau

b. Onomatopoeia

c. Clipping

d. Met analysis

146. Words which represent the sounds of their referents are called----- a. Portmanteau

b. Onomatopoeia

c. Clipping

d. Metanalysis

147. The two great linguists who have contributed much to frame the device

of Immediate Constituent analysis are:

a. Leonard Bloomfield & Noam Chomsky

b. Leonard Bloomfield & Max-Muller

c. Max-Muller & Herman Gundert

d. Edward Sapir & Ferdinand de Saussure

148. ----------- is the device used in modern linguistics for grouping together

words and phrases so as to remove ambiguity of construction.

a. Transformational Generative grammar

b. The phrase structure Grammar

c. Immediate Constituent Analysis

d. All the above.

149. The theory of Transformational Generative Grammar is contained in ------ a. Chomsky’s “Syntactic Structures”

b. Chomsky’s “Aspects of the theory of Syntax”

c. Leonard Bloomfield’s “Language”

d. Both “a’ & “b”

150. In transformational Generative Grammar, the ‘Generative’ means:

a. ‘to produce’

b. ‘to develop’

c. ‘to predict’

d. All the above

151. Which among the following are the main properties of grammar?

a. To account by its rules for the infinite sentences of a language

b. To be explicit about the grammaticality of sentences

c. To predict all and the only possible grammatical sentences of a

language

d. All the above.

152. Which among the following terms denotes the formal agreement

between various constituent elements of a language?

a. Concord

b. Gerund

c. Phrase structure

d. None of the above

153. The clear /l/ and the dark /l/ may be considered to be the -----------of

the same phoneme /l/

a. Allophones

b. Allomorphs

c. Morpheme variants

d. Minimal pairs

154. In which of the following words, is the sound /k/ aspirated

a. Kill

b. Skill

c. Skin

d. Skit

155. The /k/ in ‘kill’ and ‘skill’ are -------- a. Allophones

b. Allomorphs

c. Morpheme variants

d. Minimal pairs

156. The initial /l/ and the final /l/ in the word ‘little’ are---- a. Allophones

b. Allomorphs

c. Morpheme variants

d. Minimal pairs

157. The word ‘examination’ is a ------word

a. Monosyllabic

b. Disyllabic

c. Try syllabic

d. Polysyllabic

158. A syllabic division is marked with------- a. A slash

b. An arrow mark

c. A hyphen

d. A vertical bar

159. Words with more than three syllables are called -----words

a. Multisyllabic

b. Disyllabic

c. Try syllabic

d. Polysyllabic

160.----- is the system of phonetic notation composed of symbols and

letters devised by the International Phonetic Association

a. The international phonetic script

b. The international phonetic alphabet

c. The international phonemic script

d. The intelligible phonetic script.

161. The IPA came into existence in the year----- a. 1889 b. 1998 c. 1989 d. 1888

162. The IPA was established by a group of ----- a. European Phoneticians

b. Greek phoneticians

c. Indian philologists

d. American linguists

163. The pronunciation of English practised by the educated people at the

public schools came to be called------ a. Standard English

b. Received Pronunciation

c. Standard pronunciation

d. Recognized pronunciation

164. Phonemes which effect meaning change in the same linguistic

environment are said to be in ------ a. Contrastive distribution

b. Complementary distribution

c. Non-contrastive distribution

d. None of the above.

165. The phonemes which do not occur in the same linguistic environment

and which when occur so, do not bring about a change in meaning are

said to be in ----- a. Complementary distribution

b. Contrastive distribution

c. Non-complementary distribution

d. None of the above.

166. The substitution of the aspirated /k/ for the un-aspirated /k/ in the

word ‘sky’ does not alter the meaning of the word. It is an instance of ------- a. Complementary distribution

b. Contrastive distribution

c. Non-complementary distribution

d. None of the above

167. Which among the following dimensions can the vowels in English be

classified

a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. All the above.

168. According to the position of lips vowels can be divided into----- a. Round vowels & unrounded vowels

b. Front vowels & back vowels

c. High vowels & low vowels

d. Tense vowels &lax vowels

169. According to the part of the tongue that is raised, vowels can be

classified into----- a. Round vowels & unrounded vowels

b. Front vowels & back vowels

c. High vowels & low vowels

d. Tense vowels &lax vowels

170. According to the height to which the tongue is raised, vowels can be

classified into --- a. Round vowels & unrounded vowels

b. Front vowels & back vowels

c. High vowels & low vowels

d. Tense vowels &lax vowels

171. On the basis of the criterion of the state of the tension of the tongue,

vowels can be classified into------- a. Round vowels & unrounded vowels

b. Front vowels & back vowels

c. High vowels & low vowels

d. Tense vowels &lax vowels

172. The classification of vowels into round vowels and unrounded vowels is

based on -------- a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. All the above.

173.The classification of vowels into front vowels and back vowels is based

on -------- a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. All the above.

174.The classification of vowels into front vowels, back vowels and center

vowels is based on -------- a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. All the above.

175.The classification of vowels into high vowels and low vowels is based on ------ a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. All the above.

176.The classification of vowels into tense vowels and lax vowels is based

on -------- a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. The state of the tension of the tongue

177.The classification of vowels into close vowels and open vowels is based

on -------- a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. All the above.

178.The classification of vowels into half-close vowels and half-open vowels

is based on -------- a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. All the above.

179.The classification of vowels into half-high vowels and half-low vowels is

based on -------- a. The position of the lips

b. The part of the tongue that is raised

c. The height to which the tongue is raised

d. All the above.

180.Which among the following are bi-labial plosive sounds in English

a. /p/ & /b/

b. /m/ & /v/

c. /t/ &/d/

d. /k/ & /g/

181. Which among the following pairs are Alveolar plosives?

a. /p/ & /b/

b. /m/ & /v/

c. /t/ &/d/

d. /k/ & /g/

182. Which among the following pairs are Velar plosives?

a. /p/ & /b/

b. /m/ & /v/

c. /t/ &/d/

d. /k/ & /g/

183. The /k/ sound in ‘act’and ‘picture’ is a------ a. Bilabial plosion

b. Alveolar plosion

c. Nasal plosion

d. Incomplete plosion.

184. The /p/ in ‘top-most’ is a ------- a. Bilabial plosion

b. Alveolar plosion

c. Nasal plosion

d. Incomplete plosion.

185. The /t/ in little is an instance of --------- a. Lateral plosion

b. Alveolar plosion

c. Nasal plosion

d. Incomplete plosion.

186. The /d/ in ‘middle’ is an instance of --------- a. Lateral plosion

b. Alveolar plosion

c. Nasal plosion

d. Incomplete plosion.

187. -----------is a processes of word formation wherein two or more existing

words are simply combined.

a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Backformation.

188.-----------is a processes of word formation wherein new words are coined

by combining the segments of two different existing words.

a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Backformation.

189.-----------is a processes of word formation by which new words are

formed by attaching prefixes or suffixes to the base form.

a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Backformation.

190.-----------is a processes of word formation whereby new words are

formed by subtracting a root by deleting final syllable which is

misunderstood as a suffix.

a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Backformation.

191.-----------is a processes of word formation wherein one or more syllables

are removed from an existing long words. a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Clipping.

192. Words such as ‘smog’ and ‘motel’ are instances of ------ a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Backformation

193.Words such as ‘black-leg’ and ‘flash-light’ are instances of ------ a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Backformation

194. Words such as ‘edit’ and ‘house-keep’ are instances of ------ a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Backformation

195.Words such as ‘phone’ and ‘photo’ are instances of ------ a. Compounding

b. Portmanteau

c. Derivation

d. Clipping.

196.Words such as ‘UNESCO’ and ‘RADAR’ are instances of ------ a. Compounding

b. Acronym

c. Re-duplicates

d. Conversion.

197.Words composed of two or more elements that are identical or slightly

different are called------ a. Compounding

b. Acronym

c. Re-duplicates

d. Conversion

198.Which among the following is an example for portmanteau

a. Smog

b. UNESCO

c. Buzz

d. Edit

199. Which among the following is an example for onomatopoeia?

a. Smog

b. UNESCO

c. Buzz

d. edit

200.Which among the following is an example acronym?

a. Smog

b. UNESCO

c. Buzz

d. Edit

201. -------is the scientific study of language

a. Philology

b. Phonology

c. Phonetics

d. linguistics

                      ANSWER KEYS